Beginner
5 min read

What Is Bitcoin?

Bitcoin is a decentralised digital asset with a fixed maximum supply and no issuing authority.

The design

Bitcoin launched in 2009 as a peer-to-peer network for transferring value without an intermediary. Transactions are validated by miners under proof-of-work, and the protocol caps total supply at 21 million coins.

No company, government or central bank issues bitcoin or can change its supply schedule unilaterally.

Where the price comes from

Bitcoin has no earnings, no cash flow and no dividend, so it cannot be valued the way a business is. Its price is entirely a function of what buyers and sellers agree, which is why it moves far more violently than broad stock markets.

The honest risk statement

Bitcoin has repeatedly declined more than 70% from previous highs and has taken years to recover. Anyone owning it should be able to survive that outcome financially and emotionally. Nothing in Study suggests you should own it.

Why this matters

Volatility of this magnitude only becomes tolerable when it is expected in advance.

Myth vs reality

Myth: Bitcoin's price is backed by something.

Reality: There is no cash flow or issuer behind it. Its price reflects supply, demand and sentiment alone.

Terms used in this lesson

Bitcoin
A decentralised digital asset with a capped supply of 21 million coins and no issuing authority.
Drawdown
The decline from a previous peak, measured peak to trough.
See the full glossary

Check your understanding

No score is recorded. This is only here to test whether the lesson landed.

1. Why can bitcoin not be valued like a stock?
Written by
Suggested Investments Research Team
Content type
Educational article
Published
2026-09-13
Last reviewed
2026-09-13

Sources and methodology

Educational content only. This lesson is not investment, tax or legal advice and does not recommend buying or selling any specific investment. All investing involves the risk of loss.